PARIS, March 30, 2022 (BSS/AFP) - Nearly half of all pregnancies worldwide
are unintended, the UN reproductive health agency said Wednesday, warning
that the war in Ukraine could further exacerbate what it called a "human
rights crisis".

   Out of 121 million unintended pregnancies every year -- 331,000 a day --
more than 60 percent end in abortion, almost half of them unsafe, the United
Nations Population Fund said in a new report.

   The UNFPA said the report was not about "unwanted babies or happy
accidents", but how a combination of gender inequality, poverty, sexual
violence, and lack of access to contraception and abortion robbed women of
"the most life-altering reproductive choice -- whether or not to become
pregnant".

   The war in Ukraine and other conflicts are expected to drive the
"staggering" number of unintended pregnancies even higher as sexual violence
increases and contraception access is disrupted, the report said.

   "We have heard stories from pregnant women who knew that nutritionally
they weren't going to be able to support their pregnancy" in Ukraine, UNFPA
executive director Natalia Kanem said.

   "There are also predators and traffickers and examples of people who are
seeing the tragedy of war as an opportunity to target women and girls," she
told AFP.

   She said studies estimated that more than 20 percent of displaced women
worldwide experience sexual violence -- "and I would bet that is under-
reported because there is so much stigma around the issue."

   While figures are still sparse a month into the Ukraine war, she said that
the conflict in Afghanistan was expected to lead to 4.8 million unintended
pregnancies by 2025.

   And the Covid-19 crisis has also hugely disrupted healthcare and
contraceptive supplies, leading to up to 1.4 million unintended pregnancies
in the first year of the pandemic alone, the UNFPA said.

   - Deadly clandestine abortions -

   The UNFPA's annual State of World Population report said seven million
women had to be hospitalised each year after unsafe abortions, which are one
of the leading causes of maternal death.

   Ayse Akin, a doctor in Turkey, said she had treated numerous women who had
died of injuries from clandestine abortions.

   "One of them tried to self-abort with knitting needles, another woman
tried to self-abort with matches... all of these women were desperate because
of an unwanted pregnancy," she told a press conference.

   Yana Rodgers, faculty director of the Center for Women and Work at Rutgers
University in the United States, said the UNFPA report was "excellent and
carefully researched".

   She pointed to a US policy commonly known as the "global gag rule", which
denied American international aid to organisations that advocate for -- or
even provide information about -- abortion.

   Former president Donald Trump reintroduced the rule as one of his first
acts as president in 2017, before Joe Biden scrapped it last year.

   Rodgers told AFP her research in 51 developing countries showed the policy
"caused more rather than fewer abortions" largely because women had less
access to contraceptives.

   Anthony Ajayi of the African Population and Health Research Center told
AFP the global gag rule had a "major effect" on the continent, where many
countries "depend on donor funds for their family planning programmes".

   Kanem told AFP there was abundant evidence to show that the policy had a
"profound effect" on the "upheaval and distortion in the provision of
contraceptive supplies".

   The UNFPA report was built on new data analysing unintended pregnancy and
abortion rates in 150 countries between 2015 and 2019 from the Guttmacher
Institute, which advocates for abortion rights.