WASHINGTON, March 12, 2022 (BSS/AFP) - Russia moved on Friday to block
Instagram access and launched a criminal case against its owner Meta, as
Moscow fired back at the tech giant for allowing posts calling for violence
against Russian forces.

  This new escalation follows Russia's blocking of Facebook and limiting of
Twitter in a confrontation with US social media platforms that has mushroomed
since its invasion of Ukraine.

  A day after Meta confirmed a temporary easing of its rules to allow calls
to violence like "death to the Russian invaders," Russia's media regulator
said it would restrict access by Monday to hugely popular Instagram because
it contains "calls to commit violent acts".

  In what appeared to be damage control, Meta's global affairs president Nick
Clegg responded by saying the loosened rules would only apply to people
posting from inside Ukraine.

  "We will not tolerate Russophobia or any kind of discrimination, harassment
or violence towards Russians on our platform," he added, echoing the firm's
previous statement excluding civilians.

  But Russia's Investigative Committee, which probes major crimes, had
already said it was launching an investigation of Meta, and prosecutors
pushed for the Silicon Valley giant to be branded "extremist".

  Only 7.5 million Russians used Facebook in 2021, or about seven percent of
the country's internet users, compared to 51 million for Instagram, according
to eMarketer data, with use especially high among young people and smaller
businesses.

  Meta's relaxing of its rules had met with controversy almost immediately
and the UN voiced alarm, warning it could spark "hate speech" against
Russians.

  UN rights office spokeswoman Elizabeth Throssell said that the policy
lacked clarity, which "could certainly contribute to hate speech directed at
Russians in general".

  Meta, which boasts billions of users globally across its apps, has
previously struggled with what it would allow people to post in moments of
upheaval.

  In July 2021, the firm temporarily allowed posts calling for "death to
Khamenei," referring to Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, during
protests that rocked the country.

  - Opening Pandora's box? -

  Tech platforms have had to navigate a slew of thorny issues related to the
war in Ukraine, such as when US Senator Lindsey Graham called for the
assassination of Russian President Vladimir Putin in a televised interview
and on Twitter.

  "The only way this ends is for somebody in Russia to take this guy out,"
says Graham's tweet from March 3, which Twitter has not taken down.

  Meta's decision drew sharply contrasting views.

  "The policy regards calls for violence against Russian soldiers," said
Emerson Brooking, a disinformation expert at the Atlantic Council's Digital
Forensic Research Lab.

  "A call for violence here, by the way is also a call for resistance because
Ukrainians resist a violent invasion," he added.

  But some expressed deep concerns, like Lehigh University professor Jeremy
Littau who tweeted: "'We don't allow hate speech except against certain
people from a certain country' is one hell of a can of worms."

  Facebook and other US tech giants have moved to penalize Russia for the
attack on Ukraine and Moscow has also taken steps to block access to the
leading social media network as well as Twitter.

  Russia thus joined the very small club of countries barring the largest
social network in the world, along with China and North Korea.

  Since Moscow's invasion of Ukraine last month, Russian authorities have
also stepped up pressure against independent media, though press freedoms in
the country were already rapidly waning.

  Moscow blocked Facebook and restricted Twitter the same day last week that
it backed the imposition of jail terms on media publishing "false
information" about the military.