WASHINGTON, Sept 4, 2021 (BSS/AFP) - US pediatric Covid hospitalizations

have surged since Delta became predominant, but a new study that offers a
first look at the relevant data suggests that fears the variant causes more
severe disease are unfounded.

  The paper by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also found that
between June 20 and July 31, 2021, unvaccinated adolescents were more than 10
times more likely to be hospitalized than those who were vaccinated.

  The health agency analyzed hospital records from across an area covering
around 10 percent of the US population, between March 1, 2020 and August 14,
2021.

  This covered the period before the emergence of Delta, the most contagious
strain to date, and after it became dominant, from June 20 onwards.

  Weekly hospitalizations of children aged 0-17 were at their lowest between
June 12 and July 3, at 0.3 per 100,000, before rising to 1.4 per 100,000 in
the week ending August 14 -- a 4.7-fold increase. Pediatric hospitalizations
reached their all-time peak of 1.5 per 100,000 in the week leading up to
January 9, when the US experienced its winter wave that was driven by the
Alpha variant.

  Consistent with prior research, children aged 12-17 and 0-4 are at higher
risk of Covid hospitalization than those aged 5-11.

  After examining 3,116 hospital records from the period before Delta, and
comparing them to 164 records during the Delta period, the percentage of
children with severe indicators was found to not differ greatly.

  Specifically, the percent of hospitalized patients admitted to intensive
care was 26.5 pre-Delta and 23.2 post; the percent placed on ventilators was
6.1 pre-Delta and 9.8 post; and the percent who died was 0.7 pre-Delta and
1.8 post.

  These differences did not rise to the level of statistical significance.

  The finding comes with the important caveat that because the number of
hospitalizations in the post-Delta period is small, more data will need to
accrue for scientists to gain greater confidence about the conclusion.

  The study also underscored vaccine effectiveness against pediatric Covid
hospitalization during Delta.

  Between June 20 and July 31, among 68 adolescents hospitalized with Covid-
19 whose vaccination status was known, 59 were unvaccinated, five were partly
vaccinated, and four were fully vaccinated.

  This meant the unvaccinated were 10.1 times more likely to be hospitalized
compared to vaccinated.

  - Children shielded by community vaccinations -

  A second study by the CDC examined childhood Covid cases, hospitalizations,
and emergency department visits from June to August 2021, and compared them
to the levels of community vaccination at the time.

  Covid-related pediatric (ages 0-17) emergency department visits and
hospitalizations were 3.4 times higher and 3.7 times higher respectively in
states that fell in the bottom quartile of overall vaccinated per capita,
compared to states in the highest quartile.

  The takeaway message is that, while clinical trials for vaccines among
those under the age of 12 and subsequent authorizations are awaited, high
community rates of vaccination squelch Covid transmission and protect
children.