STOCKHOLM, Oct 1, 2018 (BSS/AFP) – Two immunologists, James Allison of
the US and Tasuku Honjo of Japan, won the 2018 Nobel Medicine Prize for
research that has revolutionised the treatment of cancer, the jury said on
Monday.
The pair were honoured “for their discovery of cancer therapy by
inhibition of negative immune regulation,” the Nobel Assembly said.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy targets proteins made by some immune
system cells, as well as some cancer cells.
The proteins can stop the body’s natural defences from killing cancer
cells. The therapy is designed to remove this protein “brake” and allow the
immune system to more quickly get to work fighting the cancer.
Allison, a professor at the University of Texas, and Honjo, a professor
at Kyoto University, in 2014 won the Tang Prize, touted as Asia’s version of
the Nobels, for their research.
The duo will share the Nobel prize sum of nine million Swedish kronor
(about $1.01 million or 870,000 euros).
They will receive their prize from King Carl XVI Gustaf at a formal
ceremony in Stockholm on December 10, the anniversary of the 1896 death of
Alfred Nobel who created the prizes in his last will and testament.
Last year, US geneticists Jeffrey Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael
Young were awarded the medicine prize for their research on the role of genes
in setting the “circadian clock” which regulates sleep and eating patterns,
hormones and body temperature.
The winners of this year’s physics prize will be announced on Tuesday,
followed by the chemistry prize on Wednesday. The peace prize will be
announced on Friday, and the economics prize will wrap up the Nobel season on
Monday, October 8.
For the first time since 1949, the Swedish Academy has postponed the
announcement of the 2018 Nobel Literature Prize until next year, amid a
#MeToo scandal and bitter internal dispute that has prevented it from
functioning properly.