ETICIA, Colombia, Sept 7, 2019 (BSS/AFP) – Presidents and ministers from
seven Amazon countries met in Colombia on Friday to agree on measures to
protect the world’s biggest rainforest, under threat from wildfires and
rampant deforestation.
The summit took place in the wake of an international outcry over months of
raging fires that have devastated swaths of the Amazon in Brazil and Bolivia.
The gathering aimed “to foster a space for regional dialogue to advance the
protection and sustainable use of this region, which is essential for the
survival of the planet,” Colombia’s President Ivan Duque said.
Duque inaugurated the meeting in a “maloka” — an indigenous hut —
surrounded by members of the Tikuna tribe with headdresses of colored
feathers in southern Colombia’s Amazon city of Leticia.
Brazil’s President Jair Bolsonaro, widely criticized over policies that
favor deforestation and a delayed reaction to the wildfires, did not travel
to Leticia, citing doctors’ orders.
However, speaking by videoconference, he urged other leaders to resist
calls, spearheaded by French President Emmanuel Macron, to internationalize
protection of the Amazon.
“We must take a strong position of defense of sovereignty so that each
country can develop the best policy for the Amazon region, and not leave it
in the hands of other countries,” said Bolsonaro, who is due to undergo
surgery Sunday.
– Protection pact –
Seated at a long wooden table in the shade of tall trees, the
representatives of the seven nations signed the “Leticia Pact for the Amazon”
that Duque said would provide greater protection for the rainforest, as
existing treaties had “fallen short.”
The pact establishes a roadmap for safeguarding the rainforest “not only
for the Amazon countries but also the nations of the region and the
international community,” he said.
Colombia’s Environment Minister Ricardo Lozano said the new measures
include the establishment of an “Amazonian cooperation network” to share
information on deforestation, including weather data to mitigate the effects
of climate change, and threats from illegal mining and logging.
“We needed to increase and strengthen the cooperation between us, precisely
to meet the great challenges of the Amazon, which are becoming more extreme
and more intense every day,” he told reporters in Leticia.
Aside from the host Duque, other presidents attending were Peru’s Martin
Vizcarra, Ecuador’s Lenin Moreno and Evo Morales of Bolivia. Suriname’s vice-
president Michael Adhin and Guyana’s natural resources minister Raphael
Trotman also attended.
Brazil was represented by Foreign Minister Ernesto Araujo.
“We have to give concrete answers,” Vizcarra told the conference. “The
dimension of the problem forces us to make drastic decisions.”
– New instruments –
In a message to the summit, UNESCO director general Audrey Azoulay called
on leaders to “reinforce existing instruments” designed to protect the
Amazon.
“These instruments should be strengthened, more states encouraged to ratify
them, increase protected areas, strengthen surveillance and action
capabilities.”
Brazil contains 60 percent of the rainforest within its borders, with the
rest spread over areas of Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname
and Venezuela as well as the French overseas department of French Guyana.
Venezuela, despite having a large swath of the Amazon, was not invited, as
host Colombia does not recognize the presidency of Nicolas Maduro.